Israel’s relations with Europe have been strained due to its involvement in conflicts in Gaza and Lebanon. The war in Gaza, in which Israel has been involved multiple times, and the 2006 war in Lebanon between Israel and Hezbollah, have led to tensions with European countries.
Several factors contribute to this strain:
1. Humanitarian Concerns: European nations often express concern over the humanitarian impact of these conflicts, particularly regarding civilian casualties. These concerns can cause diplomatic tensions.
2. Political Differences: Europe and Israel often have differing political viewpoints on the solution to these conflicts. Europe generally supports a two-state solution to the Israel-Palestine conflict, for example, while this stance has fluctuated within Israel.
3. BDS Movement: In some European countries, grassroots movements to boycott, divest from, and sanction Israel (known as BDS movements) have gained traction in response to these conflicts. This creates tension not only between Israel and these movements, but also between Israel and the governments of countries where these movements are popular.
4. Influence of the European Union: The EU as a body has frequently criticized Israeli actions in these conflicts. This could put strain on Israel’s bilateral relations with individual European states.
Despite these tensions, it’s important to note that not all of Europe is uniform in its relation with Israel. Some nations maintain stronger ties with Israel than others, based on factors like historical relations, geopolitical interests, and domestic politics.